Drug Testing

Human cell lines can be derived for individual diseases that can be used to understand how it develops and for drug development. Stem cells from individuals with specific diseases can be harvested. These stem cells can then be cultured so that researchers have isolated diseased tissue to do research with. Researchers can then observe how the disease progresses and how it affects the cells. Alternatively researchers can use the cells to test experimental drugs on the cells to see if the proposed treatments are affective without needing to go through animal trials before even seening if the treatment is even plausible.



Mobilizing Adult Stromal Stem Cells From Bone Marrow

 * SDF1 prevents from peripheral blood stem cells from entering the peripheral blood and keeps the stem cells near the osteoblasts and stromal cells
 * Through the administration of a stem cell mobilizing agent called granlyocyte stimulating factor (GCSF)
 * Enzymes such as neutrophil elastase, cathepsein G, and MMP-9 cleave the SDF1 protein
 * The CD26 protein that is expressed on the surface of the stem cells also cleaves SDF1
 * Stem cells are now free to enter peripheral blood
 * Harvested through astrophoresis

Different Kind of Stem Cell Possessess Attributes Favoring Regenerative Medicine


Original Article
 * Found cells that exhibit stem-like state of adult epithelial cells
 * They don't express the same genes as embryonic stem cells or iPSCs
 * They don't produce tumors like other stem cells
 * This makes them perfect for regenerative medicine due to their safety
 * They added the kinase inhibitor and fibroblast feeder cells
 * The cells morphed into a stem-like cells that stay alive indefinitely
 * When the factor were removed the cells reverted back to normal cells
 * They are called Conditionally Reprogrammed Cells (CRCs)
 * These CRCs advance personalized cancer medicine
 * CRCs derived from normal cells and tumor cells were used to allow physicians to identify an effective cancer therapy for the individual
 * The CRCs were used to screen potential treatments to see which were the most effective against Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) and least harful to normal cells
 * CRCs derived from the lung will develop stem-like properties when the conditions are added, allowing the expansion of the lung cell population
 * When they are removed they revert back into normal differentiated adult lung cells
 * They do this very rapidly
 * Within 3 days of adding the inhibitor and feeder cells they effectively generated large numbers of stem-like cells
 * Completely reversible
 * When conditions are taken away the cells lose their stem-like properties and can be safely implanted
 * The CRCs ecpress some of the same genes as ECS and iPSCs
 * They don't over express them though which prevents them from forming teratomas or tumors
 * Great For Drug Testing


 * ​ Can grow tissue culture to test disease treatments while saving time and money by not having to reprogram cells into iPSCs and then differentiate them again


 * Perfect for growing tissues of 1 cell type from existing healthy tissues


 * ​Ex. Skin or tumors